Hacker Ethic

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cyberterrorism

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION     3
CYBER ATTACKS AND EFFECTS     4
INDIVIDUAL PROTECTION     5
PAST INCIDENTS     6-7
ETHICS     8
EVALUATION     9
CONCLUSION     10
REFERENCES     11+

Introduction

Cyberterrorism is the convergence of terrorism and cyberspace. It is generally

understood to mean unlawful attacks and threats of attack against computers,

networks, and the information stored therein. Possibly to intimidate, influence a

government or its people to further political or social gain. To qualify as

cyberterrorism, an attack should result in violence against persons or property, or

generate fear. Attacks that lead to death or bodily injury, explosions, plane

crashes, water contamination, or severe economic loss would be examples, serious

attacks against important infrastructures could be acts of cyberterrorism,

depending on their impact. This report will illustrate and analyse the main issues

and ideas behind cyberterrorism. This will include information that has led to the

internet being used in a mailicous way, ethical issues, paradigms that

cyberterrorism follows, motivations and incidents that have occurred in the past.

One FBI spokespersons definition is-

'Cyber terrorism' means intentional use or threat of use, without legally

recognized authority, of violence, disruption, or interference against cyber

systems, when it is likely that such use would result in death or injury of a

person or persons, substantial damage to physical property, civil disorder, or

significant economic harm'.

Cyber attacks and effects

Cyberspace is constantly under assault. Cyber spies, thieves, saboteurs, and thrill

seekers break into computer systems, steal personal data and trade secrets,

vandalize Web sites, disrupt service, sabotage data and systems, launch computer

viruses and worms, conduct fraudulent transactions, and harass individuals and

companies. These attacks are facilitated with increasingly powerful and easy-to-use

software tools, which are readily available for free from thousands of Web sites on

the Internet. Many of the attacks are serious and costly. The ILOVEYOU virus for

example, was estimated to have infected tens of millions of users and cost billions

of dollars in damage.

In light of these serious threats from cyberspace, it is worth noting that the
discourse on cyberterrorism is something that - fortunately has not been
carried out in its most destructive capabilities. It is, therefore, desirable for the
governments of countries around the world to show credibly that cyberterrorism
does, indeed, exist and is highly probable to be the cause of more serious incidents
in the future.

Individual protection
Currently there are no foolproof ways to protect a system. The completely secure
system can never be accessed by anyone. Most government and militarie classified
information is kept on machines with no outside connection, as a form of prevention
of cyber terrorism. Apart from such isolation, the most common method of protection
is encryption. The wide spread use of encryption is inhibited by the governments ban
on its exportation, so intercontinental communication is left relatively insecure. The
American president administration team and the FBI oppose the export of encryption
in favour of a system where by the government can gain the key to an encrypted
system after gaining a court order to do so. Encryption's draw back is that it does not
protect the entire system, an attack designed to cripple the whole system, such as a
virus, is unaffected by encryption. Others promote the use of firewalls to screen all
communications to a system, including e-mail messages, which may carry logic
bombs or email bombs. Firewall is a relatively generic term for methods of filtering
access to a network. They may come in the form of a computer, router other
communications device or in the form of a network configuration. Firewalls serve to
define the services and access that are permitted to each user. One method is to screen
user requests to check if they come from a previously defined domain or Internet
Protocol (IP) address. Another method put forward is to prohibit Telnet access into
the system. these methods are good in the short term but it must be assumed that a
cyber terrorist will be able to think around these small draw backs, especially in the
digital world.

Past incidents

Examples of cyber terrorist activity may include use of information
technology to organize and carry out attacks, support groups activities and
perception-management campaigns. Experts agree that many terrorist
groups such as Osama bin Ladenn organization and the Islamic militant
group Hamas have adopted new information technology as a means to
conduct operations without being detected by counter terrorist officials.

Thus, use of information technology and ... more

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http://www.happyhacker.org/
More sites about: Computer Books Shopping > Security and Encryption

Hacker's Defense Fund, The - assists those accused of computer and related crimes find lawyers to defend them in court. We do not support or condone illegal activities.
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More sites about: Hacking > Organizations
http://www.tuxedo.org/esr/faqs/hacker-howto.html
More sites about: Hacking > FAQs

Hacker Crackdown, The
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Hacker Purity Test
http://www.armory.com/tests/hacker.html
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Hacker's Diet, The - how to lose weight and hair through stress and poor nutrition.
http://www.fourmilab.ch/hackdiet/www/hackdiet.html
More sites about: Health > Nutrition

Hacker Instruments & Industries Inc. - supplies products to the anatomical pathology market.
http://www.hackerinstruments.com
More sites about: B2B > Laboratory Equipment

Happy Hacker, The - by Carolyn P. Meinel
http://www.happyhacker.org/
More sites about: Computer Books Shopping > Security and Encryption

Hacker's Defense Fund, The - assists those accused of computer and related crimes find lawyers to
http://www.tuxedo.org/esr/faqs/hacker-howto.html
More sites about: Hacking > FAQs

Hacker Crackdown, The
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More sites about: Shopping > Computer Books > Culture

Hacker Purity Test
http://www.armory.com/tests/hacker.html
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Hacker's Diet, The - how to lose weight and hair through stress and poor nutrition.
http://www.fourmilab.ch/hackdiet/www/hackdiet.html
More sites about: Health > Nutrition

Hacker Instruments & Industries Inc. - supplies products to the anatomical pathology market.
http://www.hackerinstruments.com
More sites about: B2B > Laboratory Equipment

Happy Hacker, The - by Carolyn P. Meinel
http://www.happyhacker.org/
More sites about: Computer Books Shopping > Security and Encryption

Hacker's Defense Fund, The - assists those accused of computer and related crimes find lawyers to defend them in court. We do not support or condone illegal activities.
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HERT - Hacker Emergency Words
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hacker ethic

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